JWT Auth – Autentikasi JSON Web Token Untuk WordPress

Deskripsi

Autentikasi JSON Web Token untuk WordPress memungkinkan Anda melakukan autentikasi REST API melalui token. Ini sederhana, tidak rumit, dan mudah digunakan. Plugin ini mungkin adalah cara yang paling nyaman untuk melakukan Autentikasi JWT di WordPress.

• Dukungan & pertanyaan: Forum Support WordPress
• Melaporkan bug-nya plugin: GitHub issues tracker
• Discord channel juga tersedia untuk respon yang lebih cepat.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR V3.x+

The latest version of this plugin will soon be released on the WordPress.org plugin repo.

If you are updating from V2.x to V3.x you should familiarise yourself with the upcoming changes to ensure that your site continues to work as you expect it to.

There are two imoportant changes:

Introduction of refresh tokens

See this section of the readme on GitHub

Key changes:

• Default JWT expiry time will reduce from 7 days to 10 minutes.
• On expiry of a JWT, your client will need to manage getting a new token using the refresh token process described here.
• If you would prefer to retain the 7 day expiry time initially or permanently, you can use the jwt_auth_expire hook as documented on this page to force the expiry time to remain at 7 days.

Removal of the URL whitelist and related filter

Key changes:

• Users of this plugin will no longer need to whitelist the REST paths from other plugins using the jwt_auth_whitelist as documented on this page.
• Instead, custom API routes should have the permissions requirement coded via the permissions callback of the REST API route when it is registered.
• This means that if a route requires authentication, any authentication method can be used and should reduce conflicts between this and other plugins.
• For further information please see this discussion on GitHub.

Enable PHP HTTP Authorization Header

Shared Hosts

Most shared hosts have disabled the HTTP Authorization Header by default.

To enable this option you’ll need to edit your .htaccess file by adding the following:

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} ^(.*)
RewriteRule ^(.*) - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%1]

WPEngine

To enable this option you’ll need to edit your .htaccess file by adding the following (see this issue):

SetEnvIf Authorization "(.*)" HTTP_AUTHORIZATION=$1

Configuration

Configurate the Secret Key

The JWT needs a secret key to sign the token. This secret key must be unique and never be revealed.

To add the secret key, edit your wp-config.php file and add a new constant called JWT_AUTH_SECRET_KEY.

define('JWT_AUTH_SECRET_KEY', 'your-top-secret-key');

You can use a string from here

Configurate CORs Support

This plugin has the option to activate CORs support.

To enable the CORs Support edit your wp-config.php file and add a new constant called JWT_AUTH_CORS_ENABLE

define('JWT_AUTH_CORS_ENABLE', true);

Namespace and Endpoints

When the plugin is activated, a new namespace is added.

/jwt-auth/v1

Also, two new POST endpoints are added to this namespace.

/wp-json/jwt-auth/v1/token
/wp-json/jwt-auth/v1/token/validate

Requesting/ Generating Token

/wp-json/jwt-auth/v1/token

To generate token, submit a POST request to this endpoint. With username and password as the parameters.

It will validates the user credentials, and returns success response including a token if the authentication is correct or returns an error response if the authentication is failed.

Sample of success response when trying to generate token:

{
    "success": true,
    "statusCode": 200,
    "code": "jwt_auth_valid_credential",
    "message": "Credential is valid",
    "data": {
        "token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcG9pbnRzLmNvdXZlZS5jby5pZCIsImlhdCI6MTU4ODQ5OTE0OSwibmJmIjoxNTg4NDk5MTQ5LCJleHAiOjE1ODkxMDM5NDksImRhdGEiOnsidXNlciI6eyJpZCI6MX19fQ.w3pf5PslhviHohmiGF-JlPZV00XWE9c2MfvBK7Su9Fw",
        "id": 1,
        "email": "contactjavas@gmail.com",
        "nicename": "contactjavas",
        "firstName": "Bagus Javas",
        "lastName": "Heruyanto",
        "displayName": "contactjavas"
    }
}

Sample of error response when trying to generate token:

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "invalid_username",
    "message": "Unknown username. Try again or check your email address.",
    "data": []
}

Once you get the token, you must store it somewhere in your application. It can be:
– using cookie
– or using localstorage
– or using a wrapper like localForage or PouchDB
– or using local database like SQLite or Hive
– or your choice based on app you develop 😉

Then you should pass this token as Bearer Authentication header to every API call. The header format is:

Authorization: Bearer your-generated-token

dan berikut adalah sebuah contoh:

"Authorization: Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvcG9pbnRzLmNvdXZlZS5jby5pZCIsImlhdCI6MTU4ODQ5OTE0OSwibmJmIjoxNTg4NDk5MTQ5LCJleHAiOjE1ODkxMDM5NDksImRhdGEiOnsidXNlciI6eyJpZCI6MX19fQ.w3pf5PslhviHohmiGF-JlPZV00XWE9c2MfvBK7Su9Fw";

The jwt-auth will intercept every call to the server and will look for the authorization header, if the authorization header is present, it will try to decode the token and will set the user according with the data stored in it.

If the token is valid, the API call flow will continue as always.

Memasukkan Endpoint- Endpoint ke Dalam Daftar Putih

Setiap panggilan ke server (kecuali pembuatan token dan beberapa daftar putih default) akan dicegat. Namun, Anda mungkin perlu memasukkan beberapa endpoint ke dalam daftar putih. Anda dapat menggunakan filter jwt_auth_whitelist untuk melakukannya. Cukup tambahkan filter ini secara langsung (tanpa hook). Atau, Anda dapat menambahkannya ke hook plugins_loaded. Menambahkan filter ini di dalam hook init (atau lebih setelahnya) tidak akan berfungsi.

Jika Anda menambahkan filter di dalam tema dan pemberlakuan daftar putihnya tidak berfungsi, buat plugin kecil berisi 1 file dan tambahkan filter Anda di sana.

add_filter( 'jwt_auth_whitelist', function ( $endpoints ) {
    $your_endpoints = array(
        '/wp-json/custom/v1/webhook/*',
        '/wp-json/custom/v1/otp/*',
        '/wp-json/custom/v1/account/check',
        '/wp-json/custom/v1/register',
    );

    return array_unique( array_merge( $endpoints, $your_endpoints ) );
} );

Endpoint- endpoint yang Otomatis Termasuk Dalam Daftar Putih

Kami memasukkan beberapa endpoint ke dalam daftar putih secara normal. Ini untuk menghindari kesalahan berkenaan dengan WordPress dan WooCommerce. Berikut ini adalah endpoint- endpoint yang termasuk dalam daftar putih secara normal (tanpa karakter trailing * di bagian akhir):

// Whitelist some endpoints by default (without trailing * char).
$default_whitelist = array(
    // WooCommerce namespace.
    $rest_api_slug . '/wc/',
    $rest_api_slug . '/wc-auth/',
    $rest_api_slug . '/wc-analytics/',

    // WordPress namespace.
    $rest_api_slug . '/wp/v2/',
);

Anda mungkin ingin menghapus atau memodifikasi daftar putih standar. Anda dapat menggunakan filter jwt_auth_default_whitelist untuk melakukannya. Cukup tambahkan filter ini secara langsung (tanpa hook). Atau, Anda dapat menambahkannya ke hook plugins_loaded. Menambahkan filter ini di dalam hook init (atau setelahnya) tidak akan berfungsi.

Jika Anda menambahkan filter di dalam tema dan itu tidak berfungsi, buat plugin kecil berisi 1 file dan tambahkan filter Anda di sana. Seharusnya itu memperbaiki masalah.

add_filter( 'jwt_auth_default_whitelist', function ( $default_whitelist ) {
    // Modify the $default_whitelist here.
    return $default_whitelist;
} );

Validating Token

Anda kemungkinan tidak perlu untuk memvalidasi token Anda sendiri. Plugin ini menanganinya untuk Anda seperti dijelaskan di atas.

Tetapi jika Anda ingin menguji atau memvalidasi token secara manual, maka kirimkan permintaan POST ke endpoint ini (jangan lupa mengatur header Bearer Authorization Anda):

/wp-json/jwt-auth/v1/token/validate

Valid Token Response:

{
    "success": true,
    "statusCode": 200,
    "code": "jwt_auth_valid_token",
    "message": "Token is valid",
    "data": []
}

Errors

If the token is invalid an error will be returned. Here are some samples of errors:

No Secret Key

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_bad_config",
    "message": "JWT is not configured properly.",
    "data": []
}

No HTTP_AUTHORIZATION Header

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_no_auth_header",
    "message": "Authorization header not found.",
    "data": []
}

Bad Iss

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_bad_iss",
    "message": "The iss do not match with this server.",
    "data": []
}

Invalid Signature

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_invalid_token",
    "message": "Signature verification failed",
    "data": []
}

Permintaan Salah

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_bad_request",
    "message": "User ID not found in the token.",
    "data": []
}

Pengguna Tidak Ditemukan

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_user_not_found",
    "message": "User doesn't exist",
    "data": []
}

Expired Token

{
    "success": false,
    "statusCode": 403,
    "code": "jwt_auth_invalid_token",
    "message": "Expired token",
    "data": []
}

Hook- hook Filter yang Tersedia

JWT Auth is developer friendly and has some filters available to override the default settings.

jwt_auth_cors_allow_headers

The jwt_auth_cors_allow_headers allows you to modify the available headers when the CORs support is enabled.

Default Value:

'X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Origin, Authorization'

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Change the allowed CORS headers.
 *
 * @param string $headers The allowed headers.
 * @return string The allowed headers.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_cors_allow_headers',
    function ( $headers ) {
        // Modify the headers here.
        return $headers;
    }
);

jwt_auth_iss

jwt_auth_iss memungkinkan Anda untuk mengubah nilai iss sebelum payload dikodekan menjadi token.

Default Value:

get_bloginfo( 'url' )

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Change the token issuer.
 *
 * @param string $iss The token issuer.
 * @return string The token issuer.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_iss',
    function ( $iss ) {
        // Modify the "iss" here.
        return $iss;
    }
);

jwt_auth_not_before

The jwt_auth_not_before allows you to change the nbf value before the payload is encoded to be a token.

Default Value:

// Creation time.
time()

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Change the token's nbf value.
 *
 * @param int $not_before The default "nbf" value in timestamp.
 * @param int $issued_at The "iat" value in timestamp.
 *
 * @return int The "nbf" value.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_not_before',
    function ( $not_before, $issued_at ) {
        // Modify the "not_before" here.
        return $not_before;
    },
    10,
    2
);

jwt_auth_expire

The jwt_auth_expire allows you to change the value exp before the payload is encoded to be a token.

Default Value:

time() + (DAY_IN_SECONDS * 7)

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Change the token's expire value.
 *
 * @param int $expire The default "exp" value in timestamp.
 * @param int $issued_at The "iat" value in timestamp.
 *
 * @return int The "nbf" value.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_expire',
    function ( $expire, $issued_at ) {
        // Modify the "expire" here.
        return $expire;
    },
    10,
    2
);

jwt_auth_alg

Filter jwt_auth_alg memungkinkan Anda untuk mengubah algoritma penandaan yang didukung untuk aplikasi Anda.

Default Value:

'HS256'

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Change the token's signing algorithm.
 *
 * @param string $alg The default supported signing algorithm.
 * @return string The supported signing algorithm.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_alg',
    function ( $alg ) {
        // Change the signing algorithm here.
        return $alg;
    }
);

jwt_auth_payload

The jwt_auth_payload allows you to modify all the payload / token data before being encoded and signed.

Default value:

<?php
$token = array(
    'iss' => get_bloginfo('url'),
    'iat' => $issued_at,
    'nbf' => $not_before,
    'exp' => $expire,
    'data' => array(
        'user' => array(
            'id' => $user->ID,
        )
    )
);

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Modify the payload/ token's data before being encoded & signed.
 *
 * @param array $payload The default payload
 * @param WP_User $user The authenticated user.
 * .
 * @return array The payload/ token's data.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_payload',
    function ( $payload, $user ) {
        // Modify the payload here.
        return $payload;
    },
    10,
    2
);

jwt_auth_valid_credential_response

Filter jwt_auth_valid_credential_response memungkinkan Anda untuk memodifikasi tanggapan kredensial yang valid saat membuat token.

Default value:

<?php
$response = array(
    'success'    => true,
    'statusCode' => 200,
    'code'       => 'jwt_auth_valid_credential',
    'message'    => __( 'Credential is valid', 'jwt-auth' ),
    'data'       => array(
        'token'       => $token,
        'id'          => $user->ID,
        'email'       => $user->user_email,
        'nicename'    => $user->user_nicename,
        'firstName'   => $user->first_name,
        'lastName'    => $user->last_name,
        'displayName' => $user->display_name,
    ),
);

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Modify the response of valid credential.
 *
 * @param array $response The default valid credential response.
 * @param WP_User $user The authenticated user.
 * .
 * @return array The valid credential response.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_valid_credential_response',
    function ( $response, $user ) {
        // Modify the response here.
        return $response;
    },
    10,
    2
);

jwt_auth_valid_token_response

Filter jwt_auth_valid_token_response memungkinkan Anda untuk memodifikasi tanggapan token yang valid saat memvalidasi token.

Default value:

<?php
$response = array(
    'success'    => true,
    'statusCode' => 200,
    'code'       => 'jwt_auth_valid_token',
    'message'    => __( 'Token is valid', 'jwt-auth' ),
    'data'       => array(),
);

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Modify the response of valid token.
 *
 * @param array $response The default valid token response.
 * @param WP_User $user The authenticated user.
 * @param string $token The raw token.
 * @param array $payload The token data.
 * .
 * @return array The valid token response.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_valid_token_response',
    function ( $response, $user, $token, $payload ) {
        // Modify the response here.
        return $response;
    },
    10,
    4
);

jwt_auth_extra_token_check

The jwt_auth_extra_token_check allows you to add extra criterias to validate the token. If empty, has no problem to proceed. Use empty value to bypass the filter. Any other value will block the token access and returns response with code jwt_auth_obsolete_token.

Default value:

''

Contoh penggunaan:

/**
 * Modify the validation of token. No-empty values block token validation.
 *
 * @param array $response An empty value ''.
 * @param WP_User $user The authenticated user.
 * @param string $token The raw token.
 * @param array $payload The token data.
 * .
 * @return array The valid token response.
 */
add_filter(
    'jwt_auth_extra_token_check',
    function ( $response, $user, $token, $payload ) {
        // Modify the response here.
        return $response;
    },
    10,
    4
);

Credits

PHP-JWT from firebase
JWT Authentication for WP REST API
Devices utility by pesseba
The awesome maintainers and contributors